Responsible AI: A Boon or Bane For Humankind
Published on : Jul-2023 Report Code : 8 Report Format : PDF
Artificial intelligence (AI) is used to program the machines to think and mimic like humans, it is the replication of human intelligence in machines. Machines that demonstrate allied traits with a human mind such as problem-solving and learning, may incorporate AI-enabled technology. Artificial intelligence is bifurcated into two categories: weak and strong. A weak artificial intelligence system is designed to execute one particular job, whereas, strong artificial intelligence system performs tasks considered to be human-like. Artificial intelligence is applied and has a vast scope in various sectors and industries.
Artificial Intelligence may offer assistance to humans in performing various repetitive tasks. Technology is capable to learn the work once and replicate it as much as the human programmer likes. Automation of various tasks decreases the workload of tedious and routine tasks. It has eliminated several workers at the labor level and reduced the operating costs of the industries. Also, automation has increased the efficiency of the industries by reducing the time spent on tasks, as AI-powered machines are error-free, efficient and fast.
AI is capable of performing complex tasks without the need for daily human supervision. It can take care of several functions at the same time. For example, an AI-based system designed to shortlist interview applicants by reading their CVs can often send e-mails to communicate the date and time of the interview.
AI can memorize large data sets without any errors and take decisions based on the past recorded patterns, thus producing efficient and accurate results in estimation and forecasting.
AI is substituting the majority of monotonous tasks with robots which are plummeting human interference, continuity of such practice is anticipated to cause a major problem in the employment standards. This is because organizations are focusing on replacing the employees holding minimum qualifications with AI robots that can perform similar tasks more efficiently.
AI machines are programmed and designed to perform various tasks and are unable to execute tasks beyond that, they either tend to crash or produce irrelevant outputs which could be a major drawback.
Autonomous weapons are systems designed using artificial intelligence technology which is controlled by humans in military combats, saving the lives of the soldiers and ensuring safety. But these weapons could also lead to mass casualties if not handled and controlled under the proper supervision of a trained person. Autonomous cars are successfully programmed but still hold a risk of accident at the time of extreme weather conditions or tricky congestion patterns.
Artificial intelligence has experienced several waves of sanguinity followed by loss of funding, new approaches, success after it was founded as an academic discipline in 1955. The year 2015, was a landmark year for AI when Google introduced various projects incorporating the technology. Google introduced a speech recognition technology feature in the iPhone app, later, launched its first self-driving car to clear a state driving test. Various companies like Google, Amazon, Microsoft started machine learning as a service and further released a deep learning library (Google released Tensor Processing Unit).
In the last few years, AI has developed into a powerful tool that enables machines to think and behave like humans. It has also drawn the attention of technology firms around the world and is perceived to be the next major technological transformation after the evolution in cloud platforms and smartphones. Some popularly call it as the new industrial revolution.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is maturing exponentially with almost unlimited use as an enormously potent technology. It has shown its ability to automate repetitive activities — like daily commute — while also increasing human potential with interesting knowledge. Pairing human imagination and innovation with machine learning’s scalability is progressing knowledge base and comprehension at a remarkable rate. Yet great responsibility comes with significant power. In fact, because of its highly destabilizing effects, AI poses doubts on several fronts. Such concerns include the replacement of the labor force, loss in security, possible prejudices in decision-making and level of power over automation machines and robots. While these concerns are relevant, they can also be resolved with proper planning, supervision and governance.
Responsible AI is a system that puts together all of those responsible for improving. It aims to ensure the use of AI technologies in an ethical, transparent and accountable manner compatible with consumer preferences, organizational principles and community laws and norms. Responsible AI can protect against the use of false information or algorithms, guarantee that automated judgments are reasonable and explainable, and help preserve trust in users and personal privacy. Through providing transparent rules of engagement, responsible AI encourages entities under public and legislative review to evolve and realize both persuasive and accountable AI’s dramatic potential.
Artificial Intelligence has drawn the attention of many businesses over a period of time, startups are playing into this trend and raising more revenue than ever. Venture capital funds have also raised the levels of the new capital of AI-related areas.
Source: International Finance Corporation
People are already seeing the growing importance of AI technology in the commercial and public sectors, with driverless cars, chatbots conversing using human language, and robots operated warehouses collecting and packing day and night relentlessly. The drawback of this revolutionary innovation has also been encountered by humans, with autonomous car collisions, chatbots learning and mimicking the insulting language and the risk of displaced jobs. Such events have sparked worries of a "Work Apocalypse," or super-intelligent AI, as well as specific questions of inclusion, diversity, safety and confidentiality. When AI systems become more omnipresent, deeply ingrained in current applications and responsible for a growing number of decisions such as insurance payments, loan approvals and medical diagnosis, they are less evident and transparent. Algorithms are not visible in comparison to the autonomous vehicle or the factory robot. And entities, by using a "black box" strategy to AI, pose ethical as well as regulatory and legal threats.
Different concerns about AI among consumers and businesses
The rapid speed and substantial scale of differences arising from ever-smarter AI systems and increasingly widespread encounters between humans and machines also give rise to dramatically different issues among business leaders and consumers. Consumers want the ease of services customized to their desires, along with the quiet understanding that businesses aren't unintentionally discriminating against them — and that their government must secure them with legislation governing how their data could be used. In the meantime, in many situations, companies are still investigating the possibilities offered by AI and, at the very same time, informing themselves about the potential risks.
Governments, particularly in China, are financing companies at an increasingly eye-watering pace, corporations are pouring billions of dollars of investment into their own AI activities and creating AI-related goods, and VC funds are rising to heights not seen since the last VC bubble.
Source: International Finance Corporation
Experts believe that artificial intelligence will help humanity, but they are also worried that it will adversely affect society. The main issues that have been most commonly posed include job loss, abusive surveillance or data use.
83% of CEOs believe that over the next few years, AI will dramatically change the way business is done, and near to two-thirds find AI to be GREATER than the digital revolution. Yet views are less clear-cut on concerns on how often AI can be entrusted. About three-quarters of CEOs conclude that AI is "healthy for society," but an even larger proportion of —82% — agrees that judgments based on AI need to be observable to be believed. Thus, there is a strong necessity for those in the C-suite to evaluate their company's AI policies, ask a range of key questions, and, if possible, take action to resolve a range of potential AI threats by resolving any places where safeguards or processes are found to be ineffective or insufficient. The risks involve those linked to prejudiced decision-making, the interpretability of AI decisions, a lack of explanation and the likelihood that AI-powered systems might remove human labor. Other threats involve higher-level social concerns about how AI could intensify disparity between the rich and the not so rich — or even present physical threats to humans, ranging from personal injury to autonomous weapon mass destruction.
Ethics is anticipated to be at the core of the development of AI, and effective governance, open and transparent processes and ongoing regulatory and standardization reviews is projected to be key. Luckily, over the last year, advancement has been achieved. The AI High-Level Expert Group of the European Commission published its Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence Ethics Guidelines.
Everyone speaks about accountable AI. Organizations need to make sure that their use of AI meets a variety of requirements for transforming the talk into practice. Firstly, it is entirely ethical and cooperates with the legislation in all respects; secondly, it is based on a robust foundation of end-to-end governance; and thirdly, it is characterized by appropriate pillars of productivity that resolve bias and fairness, interpretability and explanation, and robustness and safety.
Responsible AI is about developing governance structures for assessing, implementing, and tracking AI to build new possibilities for improved services for people and missions. It means designing and implementing strategies that place people at the center. By using design-led thought, organizations analyze key ethical concerns in context, evaluate policy and program appropriateness, and establish a collection of value-driven criteria regulating AI solutions.
Regulate – Companies have to build the right structure to allow AI to thrive — one that is rooted in the core values, ethical guardrails and regulatory restrictions of your organization. Conventional bodies such as IEEE provide instruction to global organizations, ensuring that all stakeholders involved in the development and advancement of autonomous and intelligent structures are informed, trained and empowered to prioritize ethics. Organizations endeavor to develop, incorporate and utilize AI technologies that are both morally acceptable and legally and ethically sound. In the last few years, more than 70 papers have been published to explain specific ethical standards for AI. The key objective is to help organizations develop AI that not only complies with relevant legislation but is also moral and allows organizations to build AI systems that provide reliable performance and are safe to use by reducing negative effects. Assimilation of ethical reasoning capabilities as part of artificial automated system behavior.
Design – Every new approach needs to be architecture and implemented with the trust built into the design. This means anonymity, openness and security standards have greater validity with new product features. The advanced authentication should discuss the need to include AI solutions which can explain why they make decisions. Capital One is exploring ways of making AI more explainable, aiming to use it to evaluate applications for credit cards, as banking laws mandate that financial institutions provide consumers with reasons when their requests are rejected.
Monitor – AI requires careful supervision through ongoing human monitoring and efficiency accounting of algorithms against key value-driven indicators such as transparency, bias, and cybersecurity. The Volvo3 and Audi4 manufacturers discuss responsibility with declarations that they will be held responsible for any injuries that occur while automated driving technology is in operation.
Bias and fairness - Cases of bias can be hidden and difficult to detect, and thus involve careful attention. Accenture is creating a method to help companies detect gender, racial and ethnic discrimination in the applications for artificial intelligence. It allows people to identify the database files they find sensitive — such as ethnicity, gender, or age — and then see how associated these variables are with other data fields. Most significantly, it provides the necessary feedback to allow teams to regulate AI and make changes to fix bias. AI and the Federal Workforce—72% of federal employees agree that learning skills to work with AI would be somewhat, really, or highly significant to them. It is therefore up to companies to train and enable them to take maximum advantage of the AI and the modern work methods it promotes.
This includes short-term training to help comprehend how AI systems work and long-term future upskilling.
Every new technology or innovation has both pros and cons associated with them, likewise, artificial intelligence also has some advantages and disadvantages. AI has significant potential advantages and it has to be taken care of how the implementation of positive sides of the technology could help in creating a better world. Development of policies which assertively ensure that technology meets ethical and social responsibilities and assure AI would be aimed at “humanity” and “common good”. Digital cooperation and ways must be formulated around the world to serve humanity’s best interests. Some people believe that AI would destroy human society if it goes into the wrong hands. But none of the AI applications can harm human society till now.
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